Is it better to think of oneself as a global citizen or as a member of one's own nation?
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Patriotism vs cosmopolitanism: Should you act as a citizen of the world living in a global village or as a patriot prioritizing your fellow nationals? Vote and join the debate (below)
This debate is based on the LSE100 lectures: “Nationalism and Cosmopolitanism: Should we give priority to our fellow nationals over our fellow humans?" by Dr Laura Valentini, Associate Professor of Political Science at the Department of Government, on 14 March 2016 at the London School of Economics and Political Science. This lecture is part of the Module: "Is nationalism a source of conflict or cohesion?"
The Lecture
Dr. Laura Valentini takes a normative approach to the study of nationalism and cosmopolitanism and ask whether membership in a nation carries a special set of rights and obligations, particularly with regard to other members of the same nation. She considers two different approaches in answering this question: moral nationalism, which defends the moral relevance of nations, and moral cosmopolitanism, which defends the moral equality of persons.
Global citizen in a global village?
Almost 2500 years ago, when he was asked where he came from, Diogenes of Sinope famously replied, “I am a citizen of the world.” This bold proclamation by the father of Cynicism has reverberated through the ages in one form or another. We are implored to "think globally" when we consider our impact on the environment. Over the past century we have created global institutions of governance like the UN, the WTO, and Médecins Sans Frontières. Our web is worldwide, our financial crises are global, our diseases are pandemics, and our communities are mere corners of a global village.
But does Diogenes’ view really hold up to scrutiny? Is it actually possible to transcend one’s local or national identity and live as a citizen of the world? The reach of our civilization may extend to every corner of the globe but the conflicts that roil us are as rooted in local and national disputes as they ever were. From Russian and Ukrainian national disputes over Crimea, to Sunni and Shiite sectarian conflict in Syria, attachment to regional and sectional identities has continued to fuel violence.
Our allegiances, too, still seem rooted in nationalism and localism. We cheer for our country’s athletes during the Olympics or our city’s team during the Premier League Cup. Increasingly, governments are acting to "protect" their country’s wealth and resources through restrictive migration and benefits politics, further underlining the continued salience of nationalism.
Finally, even if it is possible to live as a global citizen, is abandoning all connection to hearth and home really the preferable way to live? Our local communities provide support, protection, and comfort in the form of families, neighbourhoods, and cultural familiarity. So, too, do the problems in our own backyard take precedence in our minds, no matter how dire the situation may be for others who are far away. And despite the stimulating effervescence of experiencing the music, food, and languages of different places, the sentimental attachment of one’s place of origin never seems to fade, or as Dorothy put it, “there’s no place like home.”
The tensions between patriotism and cosmopolitanism are increasingly apparent in the context of globalization, in particular in times of crisis. We all face this ethical dilemmas. Is being a global citizen feasible? Is it desirable? And if not, how do we contend with the inadequacy of mere local or national responses to the increasingly global problems our world faces. Let the debate begin!
Recommended readings:
- Koopmans, Ruud (2013) "Multiculturalism and Immigration: A Contested Field in Cross-National Comparison," Annual Review of Sociology, 39: 147-169 (article)
- Nussbaum, Martha C. (1996) "Patriotism and Cosmopolitanism" in For Love of Country: Debating the Limits of Patriotism. Boston: Beacon Press (link)
- Scheffer, Samuel (2002). "Conceptions of Cosmopolitanism" in Boudaries and Allegiances: Problems of Justice and Responsibility in Liberal Thought. Oxford: Oxford University Press (link)
- Todd, Douglas "The Dangers of a 'postnational' Canada" (11 March 2016). The Vancouver Sun (article)
Videos
You may want to watch these very interesting videos:
- The Melton Foundation: “Global Citizenship: Deep collaborations. Powerful actions.”
- Global Policy Journal: “Prof. David Held on Challenges to Global Governance.”
- Goldin, Ian. World Economic Forum: “Rethinking Global Governance”
Is it better to think of oneself as a global citizen or as a member of one's own nation? Vote and explain why do you think cosmopolitanism or nationalism are morally superior choices. Feel free to ask questions to the LSE100 teaching team on the discussion forum below.
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#66 | Janie Eish 11 April 2025 @ 22:54
MY HERPES STORY AND HOW I WAS CURED
For years, I struggled with the emotional and physical burden of the herpes virus, believing I would have to live with it forever. I tried countless treatments, medications, and therapies, but nothing seemed to bring lasting relief. It felt like a battle with no end in sight until I discovered a natural remedy that changed everything (herbs). Skeptical at first, I decided to give it a try, and to my surprise, I started noticing improvements in my overall well-being within two days of taking the medication. With consistency as prescribed by the herbal doctor, I felt healthier, more energized, and free from the symptoms that had once controlled my life. After completing the treatment, (14days) I visited my doctor for confirmation, and I was overjoyed… Read more
For years, I struggled with the emotional and physical burden of the herpes virus, believing I would have to live with it forever. I tried countless treatments, medications, and therapies, but nothing seemed to bring lasting relief. It felt like a battle with no end in sight until I discovered a natural remedy that changed everything (herbs). Skeptical at first, I decided to give it a try, and to my surprise, I started noticing improvements in my overall well-being within two days of taking the medication. With consistency as prescribed by the herbal doctor, I felt healthier, more energized, and free from the symptoms that had once controlled my life. After completing the treatment, (14days) I visited my doctor for confirmation, and I was overjoyed… Read more
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#65 | Luna Brian 10 April 2025 @ 12:51
HOW I WAS CURED FROM HERPES VIRUS
I am writing this testimonial with immense gratitude and a renewed sense of hope in my heart. For years, I battled with the physical and emotional torment caused by the herpes virus. It felt like an unending struggle, until I discovered a remarkable solution that changed my life forever. Like many others, I had tried countless remedies, medications in search of a cure. I had lost hope, resigned to the belief that herpes was something I would have to live with indefinitely. However, fate intervened and led me to a breakthrough that altered the course of my life. Upon stumbling on a revolutionary treatment option, my skepticism slowly transformed into a flicker of hope. The treatment was a natural remedy from Dr Awase [ HERBS ] Over time, as I followed… Read more
I am writing this testimonial with immense gratitude and a renewed sense of hope in my heart. For years, I battled with the physical and emotional torment caused by the herpes virus. It felt like an unending struggle, until I discovered a remarkable solution that changed my life forever. Like many others, I had tried countless remedies, medications in search of a cure. I had lost hope, resigned to the belief that herpes was something I would have to live with indefinitely. However, fate intervened and led me to a breakthrough that altered the course of my life. Upon stumbling on a revolutionary treatment option, my skepticism slowly transformed into a flicker of hope. The treatment was a natural remedy from Dr Awase [ HERBS ] Over time, as I followed… Read more
Lvl 2
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#64 | Janie Eish 05 April 2025 @ 02:02
MY HERPES STORY AND HOW I WAS CURED
For years, I struggled with the emotional and physical burden of the herpes virus, believing I would have to live with it forever. I tried countless treatments, medications, and therapies, but nothing seemed to bring lasting relief. It felt like a battle with no end in sight until I discovered a natural remedy that changed everything (herbs). Skeptical at first, I decided to give it a try, and to my surprise, I started noticing improvements in my overall well-being within two days of taking the medication. With consistency as prescribed by the herbal doctor, I felt healthier, more energized, and free from the symptoms that had once controlled my life. After completing the treatment, (14days) I visited my doctor for confirmation, and I was overjoye… Read more
For years, I struggled with the emotional and physical burden of the herpes virus, believing I would have to live with it forever. I tried countless treatments, medications, and therapies, but nothing seemed to bring lasting relief. It felt like a battle with no end in sight until I discovered a natural remedy that changed everything (herbs). Skeptical at first, I decided to give it a try, and to my surprise, I started noticing improvements in my overall well-being within two days of taking the medication. With consistency as prescribed by the herbal doctor, I felt healthier, more energized, and free from the symptoms that had once controlled my life. After completing the treatment, (14days) I visited my doctor for confirmation, and I was overjoye… Read more
Lvl 2
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#63 | Janie Eish 02 April 2025 @ 23:10
MY HERPES STORY AND HOW I WAS CURED
For years, I struggled with the emotional and physical burden of the herpes virus, believing I would have to live with it forever. I tried countless treatments, medications, and therapies, but nothing seemed to bring lasting relief. It felt like a battle with no end in sight until I discovered a natural remedy that changed everything (herbs). Skeptical at first, I decided to give it a try, and to my surprise, I started noticing improvements in my overall well-being within two days of taking the medication. With consistency as prescribed by the herbal doctor, I felt healthier, more energized, and free from the symptoms that had once controlled my life. After completing the treatment, (14days) I visited my doctor for confirmation, and I was overjoye… Read more
For years, I struggled with the emotional and physical burden of the herpes virus, believing I would have to live with it forever. I tried countless treatments, medications, and therapies, but nothing seemed to bring lasting relief. It felt like a battle with no end in sight until I discovered a natural remedy that changed everything (herbs). Skeptical at first, I decided to give it a try, and to my surprise, I started noticing improvements in my overall well-being within two days of taking the medication. With consistency as prescribed by the herbal doctor, I felt healthier, more energized, and free from the symptoms that had once controlled my life. After completing the treatment, (14days) I visited my doctor for confirmation, and I was overjoye… Read more
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#62 | Rosa Sliver 30 March 2025 @ 08:37
YOU CAN RECOVER YOUR STOLEN FUNDS WITH THE HELP OF // THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT
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The most reputable and trustworthy recovery experts available today. THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT. They can help you retrieve your stolen crypto funds. They have technical expertise resources to track down and recover lost crypto. I had lost £973,000 to fraud and at first I thought it was gone for good. I went online to search for recovery, I saw numerous testimonies regarding THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT and how they had assisted other people in getting their money back. I didn’t hesitate to contact them, in just a few days the experts returned all my money. They said that they did an investigation and returned my money immediately. They can never ask you for any upfront payment. They … Read more
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#61 | Rosa Sliver 30 March 2025 @ 08:37
YOU CAN RECOVER YOUR STOLEN FUNDS WITH THE HELP OF // THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT
The most reputable and trustworthy recovery experts available today. THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT. They can help you retrieve your stolen crypto funds. They have technical expertise resources to track down and recover lost crypto. I had lost £973,000 to fraud and at first I thought it was gone for good. I went online to search for recovery, I saw numerous testimonies regarding THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT and how they had assisted other people in getting their money back. I didn’t hesitate to contact them, in just a few days the experts returned all my money. They said that they did an investigation and returned my money immediately. They can never ask you for any upfront payment. They … Read more
The most reputable and trustworthy recovery experts available today. THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT. They can help you retrieve your stolen crypto funds. They have technical expertise resources to track down and recover lost crypto. I had lost £973,000 to fraud and at first I thought it was gone for good. I went online to search for recovery, I saw numerous testimonies regarding THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT and how they had assisted other people in getting their money back. I didn’t hesitate to contact them, in just a few days the experts returned all my money. They said that they did an investigation and returned my money immediately. They can never ask you for any upfront payment. They … Read more
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#60 | Rosa Sliver 30 March 2025 @ 08:37
YOU CAN RECOVER YOUR STOLEN FUNDS WITH THE HELP OF // THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT
The most reputable and trustworthy recovery experts available today. THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT. They can help you retrieve your stolen crypto funds. They have technical expertise resources to track down and recover lost crypto. I had lost £973,000 to fraud and at first I thought it was gone for good. I went online to search for recovery, I saw numerous testimonies regarding THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT and how they had assisted other people in getting their money back. I didn’t hesitate to contact them, in just a few days the experts returned all my money. They said that they did an investigation and returned my money immediately. They can never ask you for any upfront payment. They … Read more
The most reputable and trustworthy recovery experts available today. THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT. They can help you retrieve your stolen crypto funds. They have technical expertise resources to track down and recover lost crypto. I had lost £973,000 to fraud and at first I thought it was gone for good. I went online to search for recovery, I saw numerous testimonies regarding THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT and how they had assisted other people in getting their money back. I didn’t hesitate to contact them, in just a few days the experts returned all my money. They said that they did an investigation and returned my money immediately. They can never ask you for any upfront payment. They … Read more
Lvl 9
2031 xp
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#59 | Rosa Sliver 30 March 2025 @ 08:37
YOU CAN RECOVER YOUR STOLEN FUNDS WITH THE HELP OF // THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT
The most reputable and trustworthy recovery experts available today. THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT. They can help you retrieve your stolen crypto funds. They have technical expertise resources to track down and recover lost crypto. I had lost £973,000 to fraud and at first I thought it was gone for good. I went online to search for recovery, I saw numerous testimonies regarding THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT and how they had assisted other people in getting their money back. I didn’t hesitate to contact them, in just a few days the experts returned all my money. They said that they did an investigation and returned my money immediately. They can never ask you for any upfront payment. They … Read more
The most reputable and trustworthy recovery experts available today. THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT. They can help you retrieve your stolen crypto funds. They have technical expertise resources to track down and recover lost crypto. I had lost £973,000 to fraud and at first I thought it was gone for good. I went online to search for recovery, I saw numerous testimonies regarding THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT and how they had assisted other people in getting their money back. I didn’t hesitate to contact them, in just a few days the experts returned all my money. They said that they did an investigation and returned my money immediately. They can never ask you for any upfront payment. They … Read more
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#58 | Rosemary Carpenter 26 March 2025 @ 00:00
Thank God i got my scammed money back by the help of Hack Wizard Recovery cyber services.
I'm willing to talk about my experience investing in bitcoin. You can, however, get your stolen bitcoins back. I was taught that recovering bitcoin was impossible, therefore I never thought it was conceivable. I recently lost close to $99,000 after falling for a forex scam that promised absurdly large returns. I looked everywhere for assistance before finding a Hack Wizard Recovery cyber services article online. When I contact Hack wizard recovery cyber services, my excitement was once more total. Get in touch with Hack Wizard Recoverycyberservices.as soon as possible. They are a registered hacking group that can help with a quick and efficient bitcoin recovery.
WHATSAPP:+1(262)325-6979.Read more
I'm willing to talk about my experience investing in bitcoin. You can, however, get your stolen bitcoins back. I was taught that recovering bitcoin was impossible, therefore I never thought it was conceivable. I recently lost close to $99,000 after falling for a forex scam that promised absurdly large returns. I looked everywhere for assistance before finding a Hack Wizard Recovery cyber services article online. When I contact Hack wizard recovery cyber services, my excitement was once more total. Get in touch with Hack Wizard Recoverycyberservices.as soon as possible. They are a registered hacking group that can help with a quick and efficient bitcoin recovery.
WHATSAPP:+1(262)325-6979.
Lvl 4
177 xp
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#57 | Rosemary Carpenter 26 March 2025 @ 00:00
Thank God i got my scammed money back by the help of Hack Wizard Recovery cyber services.
I'm willing to talk about my experience investing in bitcoin. You can, however, get your stolen bitcoins back. I was taught that recovering bitcoin was impossible, therefore I never thought it was conceivable. I recently lost close to $99,000 after falling for a forex scam that promised absurdly large returns. I looked everywhere for assistance before finding a Hack Wizard Recovery cyber services article online. When I contact Hack wizard recovery cyber services, my excitement was once more total. Get in touch with Hack Wizard Recoverycyberservices.as soon as possible. They are a registered hacking group that can help with a quick and efficient bitcoin recovery.
WHATSAPP:+1(262)325-6979.Read more
I'm willing to talk about my experience investing in bitcoin. You can, however, get your stolen bitcoins back. I was taught that recovering bitcoin was impossible, therefore I never thought it was conceivable. I recently lost close to $99,000 after falling for a forex scam that promised absurdly large returns. I looked everywhere for assistance before finding a Hack Wizard Recovery cyber services article online. When I contact Hack wizard recovery cyber services, my excitement was once more total. Get in touch with Hack Wizard Recoverycyberservices.as soon as possible. They are a registered hacking group that can help with a quick and efficient bitcoin recovery.
WHATSAPP:+1(262)325-6979.
Lvl 4
177 xp
164 posts
177 xp
164 posts
#56 | Rosemary Carpenter 25 March 2025 @ 23:59
Thank God i got my scammed money back by the help of Hack Wizard Recovery cyber services.
I'm willing to talk about my experience investing in bitcoin. You can, however, get your stolen bitcoins back. I was taught that recovering bitcoin was impossible, therefore I never thought it was conceivable. I recently lost close to $99,000 after falling for a forex scam that promised absurdly large returns. I looked everywhere for assistance before finding a Hack Wizard Recovery cyber services article online. When I contact Hack wizard recovery cyber services, my excitement was once more total. Get in touch with Hack Wizard Recoverycyberservices.as soon as possible. They are a registered hacking group that can help with a quick and efficient bitcoin recovery.
WHATSAPP:+1(262)325-6979.Read more
I'm willing to talk about my experience investing in bitcoin. You can, however, get your stolen bitcoins back. I was taught that recovering bitcoin was impossible, therefore I never thought it was conceivable. I recently lost close to $99,000 after falling for a forex scam that promised absurdly large returns. I looked everywhere for assistance before finding a Hack Wizard Recovery cyber services article online. When I contact Hack wizard recovery cyber services, my excitement was once more total. Get in touch with Hack Wizard Recoverycyberservices.as soon as possible. They are a registered hacking group that can help with a quick and efficient bitcoin recovery.
WHATSAPP:+1(262)325-6979.
Lvl 4
177 xp
164 posts
177 xp
164 posts
#55 | Rosemary Carpenter 25 March 2025 @ 23:59
Thank God i got my scammed money back by the help of Hack Wizard Recovery cyber services.
I'm willing to talk about my experience investing in bitcoin. You can, however, get your stolen bitcoins back. I was taught that recovering bitcoin was impossible, therefore I never thought it was conceivable. I recently lost close to $99,000 after falling for a forex scam that promised absurdly large returns. I looked everywhere for assistance before finding a Hack Wizard Recovery cyber services article online. When I contact Hack wizard recovery cyber services, my excitement was once more total. Get in touch with Hack Wizard Recoverycyberservices.as soon as possible. They are a registered hacking group that can help with a quick and efficient bitcoin recovery.
WHATSAPP:+1(262)325-6979.Read more
I'm willing to talk about my experience investing in bitcoin. You can, however, get your stolen bitcoins back. I was taught that recovering bitcoin was impossible, therefore I never thought it was conceivable. I recently lost close to $99,000 after falling for a forex scam that promised absurdly large returns. I looked everywhere for assistance before finding a Hack Wizard Recovery cyber services article online. When I contact Hack wizard recovery cyber services, my excitement was once more total. Get in touch with Hack Wizard Recoverycyberservices.as soon as possible. They are a registered hacking group that can help with a quick and efficient bitcoin recovery.
WHATSAPP:+1(262)325-6979.
Lvl 4
177 xp
164 posts
177 xp
164 posts
#54 | Rosemary Carpenter 25 March 2025 @ 23:59
Thank God i got my scammed money back by the help of Hack Wizard Recovery cyber services.
I'm willing to talk about my experience investing in bitcoin. You can, however, get your stolen bitcoins back. I was taught that recovering bitcoin was impossible, therefore I never thought it was conceivable. I recently lost close to $99,000 after falling for a forex scam that promised absurdly large returns. I looked everywhere for assistance before finding a Hack Wizard Recovery cyber services article online. When I contact Hack wizard recovery cyber services, my excitement was once more total. Get in touch with Hack Wizard Recoverycyberservices.as soon as possible. They are a registered hacking group that can help with a quick and efficient bitcoin recovery.
WHATSAPP:+1(262)325-6979.Read more
I'm willing to talk about my experience investing in bitcoin. You can, however, get your stolen bitcoins back. I was taught that recovering bitcoin was impossible, therefore I never thought it was conceivable. I recently lost close to $99,000 after falling for a forex scam that promised absurdly large returns. I looked everywhere for assistance before finding a Hack Wizard Recovery cyber services article online. When I contact Hack wizard recovery cyber services, my excitement was once more total. Get in touch with Hack Wizard Recoverycyberservices.as soon as possible. They are a registered hacking group that can help with a quick and efficient bitcoin recovery.
WHATSAPP:+1(262)325-6979.
Lvl 8
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521 posts
#53 | Cletus Kim 18 February 2025 @ 05:27
CONSULT THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT FOR YOUR LOST CRYPTO
Hello guys my name is Cletus Kim. I wanted to share a testimony of how I recovered my lost funds. All thanks to the humble and expert hacker. THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT. Last month I contacted the EXPERT for help, after I read several reviews about them. I even reached out to one of their clients who had worked with them in the past just to verify how genuine they are before I could proceed. I invested with this fake platform some months ago, first month everything was going well and I got my payout normally as usual until I made a top up on my account and invested over $1.5,000 more and that was when everything was shut out and I couldn’t withdraw anymore and they kept on asking for more money , I almost lost … Read more
Hello guys my name is Cletus Kim. I wanted to share a testimony of how I recovered my lost funds. All thanks to the humble and expert hacker. THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT. Last month I contacted the EXPERT for help, after I read several reviews about them. I even reached out to one of their clients who had worked with them in the past just to verify how genuine they are before I could proceed. I invested with this fake platform some months ago, first month everything was going well and I got my payout normally as usual until I made a top up on my account and invested over $1.5,000 more and that was when everything was shut out and I couldn’t withdraw anymore and they kept on asking for more money , I almost lost … Read more
Lvl 8
1694 xp
521 posts
1694 xp
521 posts
#52 | Cletus Kim 18 February 2025 @ 05:23
CONSULT THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT FOR YOUR LOST CRYPTO
Hello guys my name is Cletus Kim. I wanted to share a testimony of how I recovered my lost funds. All thanks to the humble and expert hacker. THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT. Last month I contacted the EXPERT for help, after I read several reviews about them. I even reached out to one of their clients who had worked with them in the past just to verify how genuine they are before I could proceed. I invested with this fake platform some months ago, first month everything was going well and I got my payout normally as usual until I made a top up on my account and invested over $1.5,000 more and that was when everything was shut out and I couldn’t withdraw anymore and they kept on asking for more money , I almost lost … Read more
Hello guys my name is Cletus Kim. I wanted to share a testimony of how I recovered my lost funds. All thanks to the humble and expert hacker. THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT. Last month I contacted the EXPERT for help, after I read several reviews about them. I even reached out to one of their clients who had worked with them in the past just to verify how genuine they are before I could proceed. I invested with this fake platform some months ago, first month everything was going well and I got my payout normally as usual until I made a top up on my account and invested over $1.5,000 more and that was when everything was shut out and I couldn’t withdraw anymore and they kept on asking for more money , I almost lost … Read more
Lvl 8
1694 xp
521 posts
1694 xp
521 posts
#51 | Cletus Kim 18 February 2025 @ 05:23
CONSULT THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT FOR YOUR LOST CRYPTO
Hello guys my name is Cletus Kim. I wanted to share a testimony of how I recovered my lost funds. All thanks to the humble and expert hacker. THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT. Last month I contacted the EXPERT for help, after I read several reviews about them. I even reached out to one of their clients who had worked with them in the past just to verify how genuine they are before I could proceed. I invested with this fake platform some months ago, first month everything was going well and I got my payout normally as usual until I made a top up on my account and invested over $1.5,000 more and that was when everything was shut out and I couldn’t withdraw anymore and they kept on asking for more money , I almost lost … Read more
Hello guys my name is Cletus Kim. I wanted to share a testimony of how I recovered my lost funds. All thanks to the humble and expert hacker. THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT. Last month I contacted the EXPERT for help, after I read several reviews about them. I even reached out to one of their clients who had worked with them in the past just to verify how genuine they are before I could proceed. I invested with this fake platform some months ago, first month everything was going well and I got my payout normally as usual until I made a top up on my account and invested over $1.5,000 more and that was when everything was shut out and I couldn’t withdraw anymore and they kept on asking for more money , I almost lost … Read more
Lvl 5
277 xp
253 posts
277 xp
253 posts
#50 | Luna Brian 03 February 2025 @ 22:50
HOW I WAS CURED FROM HERPES VIRUS
I am writing this testimonial with immense gratitude and a renewed sense of hope in my heart. For years, I battled with the physical and emotional torment caused by the herpes virus. It felt like an unending struggle, until I discovered a remarkable solution that changed my life forever. Like many others, I had tried countless remedies, medications in search of a cure. I had lost hope, resigned to the belief that herpes was something I would have to live with indefinitely. However, fate intervened and led me to a breakthrough that altered the course of my life. Upon stumbling on a revolutionary treatment option, my skepticism slowly transformed into a flicker of hope. The treatment was a natural remedy from Dr Awase [ HERBS ] Over time, as I followed… Read more
I am writing this testimonial with immense gratitude and a renewed sense of hope in my heart. For years, I battled with the physical and emotional torment caused by the herpes virus. It felt like an unending struggle, until I discovered a remarkable solution that changed my life forever. Like many others, I had tried countless remedies, medications in search of a cure. I had lost hope, resigned to the belief that herpes was something I would have to live with indefinitely. However, fate intervened and led me to a breakthrough that altered the course of my life. Upon stumbling on a revolutionary treatment option, my skepticism slowly transformed into a flicker of hope. The treatment was a natural remedy from Dr Awase [ HERBS ] Over time, as I followed… Read more
Lvl 5
277 xp
253 posts
277 xp
253 posts
#49 | Luna Brian 03 February 2025 @ 22:50
HOW I WAS CURED FROM HERPES VIRUS
I am writing this testimonial with immense gratitude and a renewed sense of hope in my heart. For years, I battled with the physical and emotional torment caused by the herpes virus. It felt like an unending struggle, until I discovered a remarkable solution that changed my life forever. Like many others, I had tried countless remedies, medications in search of a cure. I had lost hope, resigned to the belief that herpes was something I would have to live with indefinitely. However, fate intervened and led me to a breakthrough that altered the course of my life. Upon stumbling on a revolutionary treatment option, my skepticism slowly transformed into a flicker of hope. The treatment was a natural remedy from Dr Awase [ HERBS ] Over time, as I followed… Read more
I am writing this testimonial with immense gratitude and a renewed sense of hope in my heart. For years, I battled with the physical and emotional torment caused by the herpes virus. It felt like an unending struggle, until I discovered a remarkable solution that changed my life forever. Like many others, I had tried countless remedies, medications in search of a cure. I had lost hope, resigned to the belief that herpes was something I would have to live with indefinitely. However, fate intervened and led me to a breakthrough that altered the course of my life. Upon stumbling on a revolutionary treatment option, my skepticism slowly transformed into a flicker of hope. The treatment was a natural remedy from Dr Awase [ HERBS ] Over time, as I followed… Read more
Lvl 5
277 xp
253 posts
277 xp
253 posts
#48 | Luna Brian 03 February 2025 @ 22:50
HOW I WAS CURED FROM HERPES VIRUS
I am writing this testimonial with immense gratitude and a renewed sense of hope in my heart. For years, I battled with the physical and emotional torment caused by the herpes virus. It felt like an unending struggle, until I discovered a remarkable solution that changed my life forever. Like many others, I had tried countless remedies, medications in search of a cure. I had lost hope, resigned to the belief that herpes was something I would have to live with indefinitely. However, fate intervened and led me to a breakthrough that altered the course of my life. Upon stumbling on a revolutionary treatment option, my skepticism slowly transformed into a flicker of hope. The treatment was a natural remedy from Dr Awase [ HERBS ] Over time, as I followed… Read more
I am writing this testimonial with immense gratitude and a renewed sense of hope in my heart. For years, I battled with the physical and emotional torment caused by the herpes virus. It felt like an unending struggle, until I discovered a remarkable solution that changed my life forever. Like many others, I had tried countless remedies, medications in search of a cure. I had lost hope, resigned to the belief that herpes was something I would have to live with indefinitely. However, fate intervened and led me to a breakthrough that altered the course of my life. Upon stumbling on a revolutionary treatment option, my skepticism slowly transformed into a flicker of hope. The treatment was a natural remedy from Dr Awase [ HERBS ] Over time, as I followed… Read more
Lvl 5
277 xp
253 posts
277 xp
253 posts
#47 | Luna Brian 03 February 2025 @ 22:50
HOW I WAS CURED FROM HERPES VIRUS
I am writing this testimonial with immense gratitude and a renewed sense of hope in my heart. For years, I battled with the physical and emotional torment caused by the herpes virus. It felt like an unending struggle, until I discovered a remarkable solution that changed my life forever. Like many others, I had tried countless remedies, medications in search of a cure. I had lost hope, resigned to the belief that herpes was something I would have to live with indefinitely. However, fate intervened and led me to a breakthrough that altered the course of my life. Upon stumbling on a revolutionary treatment option, my skepticism slowly transformed into a flicker of hope. The treatment was a natural remedy from Dr Awase [ HERBS ] Over time, as I followed… Read more
I am writing this testimonial with immense gratitude and a renewed sense of hope in my heart. For years, I battled with the physical and emotional torment caused by the herpes virus. It felt like an unending struggle, until I discovered a remarkable solution that changed my life forever. Like many others, I had tried countless remedies, medications in search of a cure. I had lost hope, resigned to the belief that herpes was something I would have to live with indefinitely. However, fate intervened and led me to a breakthrough that altered the course of my life. Upon stumbling on a revolutionary treatment option, my skepticism slowly transformed into a flicker of hope. The treatment was a natural remedy from Dr Awase [ HERBS ] Over time, as I followed… Read more
Lvl 5
277 xp
253 posts
277 xp
253 posts
#46 | Luna Brian 03 February 2025 @ 22:50
HOW I WAS CURED FROM HERPES VIRUS
I am writing this testimonial with immense gratitude and a renewed sense of hope in my heart. For years, I battled with the physical and emotional torment caused by the herpes virus. It felt like an unending struggle, until I discovered a remarkable solution that changed my life forever. Like many others, I had tried countless remedies, medications in search of a cure. I had lost hope, resigned to the belief that herpes was something I would have to live with indefinitely. However, fate intervened and led me to a breakthrough that altered the course of my life. Upon stumbling on a revolutionary treatment option, my skepticism slowly transformed into a flicker of hope. The treatment was a natural remedy from Dr Awase [ HERBS ] Over time, as I followed… Read more
I am writing this testimonial with immense gratitude and a renewed sense of hope in my heart. For years, I battled with the physical and emotional torment caused by the herpes virus. It felt like an unending struggle, until I discovered a remarkable solution that changed my life forever. Like many others, I had tried countless remedies, medications in search of a cure. I had lost hope, resigned to the belief that herpes was something I would have to live with indefinitely. However, fate intervened and led me to a breakthrough that altered the course of my life. Upon stumbling on a revolutionary treatment option, my skepticism slowly transformed into a flicker of hope. The treatment was a natural remedy from Dr Awase [ HERBS ] Over time, as I followed… Read more
Lvl 5
277 xp
253 posts
277 xp
253 posts
#45 | Luna Brian 03 February 2025 @ 22:50
HOW I WAS CURED FROM HERPES VIRUS
I am writing this testimonial with immense gratitude and a renewed sense of hope in my heart. For years, I battled with the physical and emotional torment caused by the herpes virus. It felt like an unending struggle, until I discovered a remarkable solution that changed my life forever. Like many others, I had tried countless remedies, medications in search of a cure. I had lost hope, resigned to the belief that herpes was something I would have to live with indefinitely. However, fate intervened and led me to a breakthrough that altered the course of my life. Upon stumbling on a revolutionary treatment option, my skepticism slowly transformed into a flicker of hope. The treatment was a natural remedy from Dr Awase [ HERBS ] Over time, as I followed… Read more
I am writing this testimonial with immense gratitude and a renewed sense of hope in my heart. For years, I battled with the physical and emotional torment caused by the herpes virus. It felt like an unending struggle, until I discovered a remarkable solution that changed my life forever. Like many others, I had tried countless remedies, medications in search of a cure. I had lost hope, resigned to the belief that herpes was something I would have to live with indefinitely. However, fate intervened and led me to a breakthrough that altered the course of my life. Upon stumbling on a revolutionary treatment option, my skepticism slowly transformed into a flicker of hope. The treatment was a natural remedy from Dr Awase [ HERBS ] Over time, as I followed… Read more
Lvl 5
277 xp
253 posts
277 xp
253 posts
#44 | Luna Brian 03 February 2025 @ 22:50
HOW I WAS CURED FROM HERPES VIRUS
I am writing this testimonial with immense gratitude and a renewed sense of hope in my heart. For years, I battled with the physical and emotional torment caused by the herpes virus. It felt like an unending struggle, until I discovered a remarkable solution that changed my life forever. Like many others, I had tried countless remedies, medications in search of a cure. I had lost hope, resigned to the belief that herpes was something I would have to live with indefinitely. However, fate intervened and led me to a breakthrough that altered the course of my life. Upon stumbling on a revolutionary treatment option, my skepticism slowly transformed into a flicker of hope. The treatment was a natural remedy from Dr Awase [ HERBS ] Over time, as I followed… Read more
I am writing this testimonial with immense gratitude and a renewed sense of hope in my heart. For years, I battled with the physical and emotional torment caused by the herpes virus. It felt like an unending struggle, until I discovered a remarkable solution that changed my life forever. Like many others, I had tried countless remedies, medications in search of a cure. I had lost hope, resigned to the belief that herpes was something I would have to live with indefinitely. However, fate intervened and led me to a breakthrough that altered the course of my life. Upon stumbling on a revolutionary treatment option, my skepticism slowly transformed into a flicker of hope. The treatment was a natural remedy from Dr Awase [ HERBS ] Over time, as I followed… Read more
Lvl 5
277 xp
253 posts
277 xp
253 posts
#43 | Luna Brian 03 February 2025 @ 22:50
HOW I WAS CURED FROM HERPES VIRUS
I am writing this testimonial with immense gratitude and a renewed sense of hope in my heart. For years, I battled with the physical and emotional torment caused by the herpes virus. It felt like an unending struggle, until I discovered a remarkable solution that changed my life forever. Like many others, I had tried countless remedies, medications in search of a cure. I had lost hope, resigned to the belief that herpes was something I would have to live with indefinitely. However, fate intervened and led me to a breakthrough that altered the course of my life. Upon stumbling on a revolutionary treatment option, my skepticism slowly transformed into a flicker of hope. The treatment was a natural remedy from Dr Awase [ HERBS ] Over time, as I followed… Read more
I am writing this testimonial with immense gratitude and a renewed sense of hope in my heart. For years, I battled with the physical and emotional torment caused by the herpes virus. It felt like an unending struggle, until I discovered a remarkable solution that changed my life forever. Like many others, I had tried countless remedies, medications in search of a cure. I had lost hope, resigned to the belief that herpes was something I would have to live with indefinitely. However, fate intervened and led me to a breakthrough that altered the course of my life. Upon stumbling on a revolutionary treatment option, my skepticism slowly transformed into a flicker of hope. The treatment was a natural remedy from Dr Awase [ HERBS ] Over time, as I followed… Read more
Lvl 8
1991 xp
782 posts
1991 xp
782 posts
#42 | Jerome Raf 17 January 2025 @ 15:13
HIRE A RELIABLE RECOVERY EXPERT THE HACK ANGELS
Here are my recommendations. THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT is the best choice to recover your lost funds back. I fell victim to a fake online crypto broker with my investment of $958,000. The broker promised me significant profits and I was initially successful in trading, which built trust with the broker. I have never been so inconsolable in my life, having given them my utmost trust only to be fooled in this manner. While looking for help after losing my investment funds. I came across numerous endorsements and testimonials about THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT. I reached out to him without hesitating and the outcome was wonderful. After retrieving the whole money he also worked for my colleague and is in the final stage of r… Read more
Here are my recommendations. THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT is the best choice to recover your lost funds back. I fell victim to a fake online crypto broker with my investment of $958,000. The broker promised me significant profits and I was initially successful in trading, which built trust with the broker. I have never been so inconsolable in my life, having given them my utmost trust only to be fooled in this manner. While looking for help after losing my investment funds. I came across numerous endorsements and testimonials about THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT. I reached out to him without hesitating and the outcome was wonderful. After retrieving the whole money he also worked for my colleague and is in the final stage of r… Read more
Lvl 8
1991 xp
782 posts
1991 xp
782 posts
#41 | Jerome Raf 17 January 2025 @ 15:13
HIRE A RELIABLE RECOVERY EXPERT THE HACK ANGELS
Here are my recommendations. THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT is the best choice to recover your lost funds back. I fell victim to a fake online crypto broker with my investment of $958,000. The broker promised me significant profits and I was initially successful in trading, which built trust with the broker. I have never been so inconsolable in my life, having given them my utmost trust only to be fooled in this manner. While looking for help after losing my investment funds. I came across numerous endorsements and testimonials about THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT. I reached out to him without hesitating and the outcome was wonderful. After retrieving the whole money he also worked for my colleague and is in the final stage of r… Read more
Here are my recommendations. THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT is the best choice to recover your lost funds back. I fell victim to a fake online crypto broker with my investment of $958,000. The broker promised me significant profits and I was initially successful in trading, which built trust with the broker. I have never been so inconsolable in my life, having given them my utmost trust only to be fooled in this manner. While looking for help after losing my investment funds. I came across numerous endorsements and testimonials about THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT. I reached out to him without hesitating and the outcome was wonderful. After retrieving the whole money he also worked for my colleague and is in the final stage of r… Read more
Lvl 8
1991 xp
782 posts
1991 xp
782 posts
#40 | Jerome Raf 17 January 2025 @ 15:13
HIRE A RELIABLE RECOVERY EXPERT THE HACK ANGELS
Here are my recommendations. THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT is the best choice to recover your lost funds back. I fell victim to a fake online crypto broker with my investment of $958,000. The broker promised me significant profits and I was initially successful in trading, which built trust with the broker. I have never been so inconsolable in my life, having given them my utmost trust only to be fooled in this manner. While looking for help after losing my investment funds. I came across numerous endorsements and testimonials about THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT. I reached out to him without hesitating and the outcome was wonderful. After retrieving the whole money he also worked for my colleague and is in the final stage of r… Read more
Here are my recommendations. THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT is the best choice to recover your lost funds back. I fell victim to a fake online crypto broker with my investment of $958,000. The broker promised me significant profits and I was initially successful in trading, which built trust with the broker. I have never been so inconsolable in my life, having given them my utmost trust only to be fooled in this manner. While looking for help after losing my investment funds. I came across numerous endorsements and testimonials about THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT. I reached out to him without hesitating and the outcome was wonderful. After retrieving the whole money he also worked for my colleague and is in the final stage of r… Read more
Lvl 5
277 xp
253 posts
277 xp
253 posts
#39 | Luna Brian 06 January 2025 @ 16:16
HOW I WAS CURED FROM HERPES VIRUS
I am writing this testimonial with immense gratitude and a renewed sense of hope in my heart. For years, I battled with the physical and emotional torment caused by the herpes virus. It felt like an unending struggle, until I discovered a remarkable solution that changed my life forever. Like many others, I had tried countless remedies, medications in search of a cure. I had lost hope, resigned to the belief that herpes was something I would have to live with indefinitely. However, fate intervened and led me to a breakthrough that altered the course of my life. Upon stumbling on a revolutionary treatment option, my skepticism slowly transformed into a flicker of hope. The treatment was a natural remedy from Dr Awase [ HERBS ] Over time, as I followed… Read more
I am writing this testimonial with immense gratitude and a renewed sense of hope in my heart. For years, I battled with the physical and emotional torment caused by the herpes virus. It felt like an unending struggle, until I discovered a remarkable solution that changed my life forever. Like many others, I had tried countless remedies, medications in search of a cure. I had lost hope, resigned to the belief that herpes was something I would have to live with indefinitely. However, fate intervened and led me to a breakthrough that altered the course of my life. Upon stumbling on a revolutionary treatment option, my skepticism slowly transformed into a flicker of hope. The treatment was a natural remedy from Dr Awase [ HERBS ] Over time, as I followed… Read more
Lvl 2
32 xp
37 posts
32 xp
37 posts
#38 | Kaylee Logan 26 December 2024 @ 00:44
I'm delighted to share how I successfully overcame the Herpes virus using natural medication {HERBS}. Through a native local medicine prepared by Doctor Awase, I managed to suppress the virus and improve my overall well-being at the first week. Two weeks into taking the medication, I became fine totally and no more single outbreak/symptoms. Today, I'm living a fulfilling and Herpes-free life.![cured] Confirmed by my Doctor after going for a medical checkup. I am herpes free. Demonstrating that natural approaches can offer effective solutions for health challenges such as herpes. He also cures HPV, PCOS, Endometriosis and lots more. See how to reach out below.WhatsApp +2349074997110Email:- dr.awaseherbalhome@gmail. com
Lvl 2
32 xp
37 posts
32 xp
37 posts
#37 | Kaylee Logan 26 December 2024 @ 00:44
I'm delighted to share how I successfully overcame the Herpes virus using natural medication {HERBS}. Through a native local medicine prepared by Doctor Awase, I managed to suppress the virus and improve my overall well-being at the first week. Two weeks into taking the medication, I became fine totally and no more single outbreak/symptoms. Today, I'm living a fulfilling and Herpes-free life.![cured] Confirmed by my Doctor after going for a medical checkup. I am herpes free. Demonstrating that natural approaches can offer effective solutions for health challenges such as herpes. He also cures HPV, PCOS, Endometriosis and lots more. See how to reach out below.WhatsApp +2349074997110Email:- dr.awaseherbalhome@gmail. com
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